Informationen über PCI/USB/PCMCIA Geräte anzeigen
~ # lspci (-vv)
00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 82945G/GZ/P/PL Memory Controller Hub (rev 02)
02:00.0 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation 82573L Gigabit Ethernet Controller
~ # lsusb
Bus 005 Device 001: ID 0000:0000
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 0000:0000
Bus 004 Device 001: ID 0000:0000
Update der Datenbank für lspci/lsusb die Geräte identifiziert
~ # update-pciids
% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current
Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed
100 137k 100 137k 0 0 62870 0 0:00:02 0:00:02 --:--:-- 73637
Done.
~ # update-usbids
--08:22:57-- http://linux-usb.sourceforge.net/usb.ids
=> `/var/lib/usbutils/usb.ids.new'
Auflösen des Hostnamen »linux-usb.sourceforge.net«.... 66.35.250.209
Verbindungsaufbau zu linux-usb.sourceforge.net|66.35.250.209|:80... verbunden.
HTTP Anforderung gesendet, warte auf Antwort... 200 OK
Länge: 206.777 (202K) [text/plain]
100%[============================================>] 206.777 140.04K/s
08:22:59 (139.56 KB/s) - »/var/lib/usbutils/usb.ids.new« gespeichert [206777/206777]
Done.
Systemvariablen anzeigen/ändern
~ # sysctl -a
dev.parport.parport0.devices.active = none
dev.parport.parport0.modes = PCSPP,TRISTATE,EPP
dev.parport.parport0.dma = -1
...
fs.file-max = 101443
fs.file-nr = 1696 0 101443
fs.inode-state = 32523 13665 0 0 0 0 0
fs.inode-nr = 32523 13665
~ # sysctl kernel.hostname=deepdance
Aktivität von Partitionen anzeigen
~ # vmstat -d
disk- ------------reads------------ ------------writes----------- -----IO------
total merged sectors ms total merged sectors ms cur sec
ram0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
hda 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
sda 25640971 15424452 2643751330 218804424 60081536 142003150 1681161416 595195676 0 265687
sdb 25234870 15371843 2617084684 239739472 60068571 142013756 1681144176 608372040 0 277115
md0 41657 0 3285632 0 93 0 9312 0 0 0
md1 69610349 0 3714493562 0 194133118 0 1553064944 0 0 0
fd0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
loop0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
loop1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
loop2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
loop3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
loop4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
loop5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
loop6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
loop7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
aktuell Verbundene Benutzer (w/who)
~ # w
08:41:14 up 151 days, 11:53, 1 user, load average: 1,16, 0,95, 0,86
USER TTY FROM LOGIN@ IDLE JCPU PCPU WHAT
root pts/0 proxy174.de 08:40 0.00s 0.09s 0.00s w
die letzten Logins anzeigen
~ # last
root pts/0 p508d4093.dip.t- Sun Dec 23 15:28 still logged in
root pts/0 p508d4093.dip.t- Sun Dec 23 09:48 - 09:55 (00:07)
root pts/0 p508d78ce.dip.t- Sat Dec 22 10:27 - 10:27 (00:00)
web1 ftpd3785 ::ffff:80.141.12 Fri Dec 21 19:08 - 19:08 (00:00)
wtmp begins Sat Dec 1 11:49:43 2007
woher bezieht ein Programm seine Infos?
~ # strace free
Laufene Prozesse anzeigen (top/htop)
~ # top
top - 08:48:08 up 151 days, 12:00, 1 user, load average: 0.91, 0.88, 0.85
Tasks: 128 total, 1 running, 127 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie
Cpu(s): 9.1%us, 0.2%sy, 0.0%ni, 90.0%id, 0.6%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st
Mem: 1028104k total, 1009936k used, 18168k free, 60032k buffers
Swap: 1992040k total, 56k used, 1991984k free, 434496k cached
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
13113 root 18 0 36696 34m 864 S 49 3.5 27296:34 dnstop
1 root 15 0 1852 584 500 S 0 0.1 0:03.02 init
2 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:06.94 migration/0
3 root 34 19 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.52 ksoftirqd/0
4 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:06.22 migration/1
Bootmeldung anzeigen
~ # dmesg
Linux version 2.6.18-4-686 (Debian 2.6.18.dfsg.1-12etch2) (dannf@debian.org) (gcc version 4.1.2 20061115 (prerelease) (Debian 4.1.1-21)) #1 SMP Wed May 9 23:03:12 UTC 2007
BIOS-provided physical RAM map:
...
ACPI: RSDP (v000 ASUS ) @ 0x000f5330
ACPI: RSDT (v001 ASUS P4PE-XSE 0x42302e31 MSFT 0x31313031) @ 0x3ffec000
ACPI: FADT (v001 ASUS P4PE-XSE 0x42302e31 MSFT 0x31313031) @ 0x3ffec0c0
ACPI: BOOT (v001 ASUS P4PE-XSE 0x42302e31 MSFT 0x31313031) @ 0x3ffec030
ACPI: MADT (v001 ASUS P4PE-XSE 0x42302e31 MSFT 0x31313031) @ 0x3ffec058
ACPI: DSDT (v001 ASUS P4PE-XSE 0x00001000 MSFT 0x0100000b) @ 0x00000000
Hardware Übersicht (lshw)
~ # lshw -short
H/W path Device Class Description
=========================================================
system System Name
/0 bus P4PE-X
/0/0 memory 64KB BIOS
/0/4 processor Intel(R) Pentium(R) 4 CPU 2.66GHz
/0/4/9 memory 8KB L1 cache
/0/4/a memory 512KB L2 cache
/0/2b memory 1GB System Memory
/0/2b/0 memory 512MB DIMM DRAM Synchronous
/0/2b/1 memory 512MB DIMM DRAM Synchronous
/0/2b/2 memory DIMM DRAM Synchronous [empty]
/0/f8000000 bridge 82845G/GL[Brookdale-G]/GE/PE DRAM Controller/Host-Hub Interface
/0/f8000000/1 bridge 82845G/GL[Brookdale-G]/GE/PE Host-to-AGP Bridge
/0/f8000000/1/0 /dev/fb0 display Rage 128 Pro Ultra TF
/0/f8000000/1e bridge 82801 PCI Bridge
/0/f8000000/1e/b eth1 network 3c905C-TX/TX-M [Tornado]
/0/f8000000/1f bridge 82801DB/DBL (ICH4/ICH4-L) LPC Interface Bridge
/0/f8000000/1f.1 storage 82801DB (ICH4) IDE Controller
/0/f8000000/1f.1/0 ide0 bus IDE Channel 0
/0/f8000000/1f.1/0/0 /dev/hda disk 74GB WDC WD800BB-00JHC0
/0/f8000000/1f.1/0/0/1 /dev/hda1 disk Linux filesystem partition
/0/f8000000/1f.1/0/0/2 /dev/hda2 disk Linux swap / Solaris partition
/0/f8000000/1f.1/1 ide1 bus IDE Channel 1
/0/f8000000/1f.1/1/0 /dev/hdc disk SAMSUNG CD-ROM SC-152A
/0/f8000000/1f.1/1/0/0 /dev/hdc disk
Offene Ports anzeigen
~ # netstat -l | grep -e ^tcp -e ^udp
tcp 0 0 localhost.localdo:60000 *:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 localhost.localdo:10024 *:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 localhost.localdo:10025 *:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 localhost.localdo:mysql *:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 localhost.localdo:10030 *:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 localhost.localdo:spamd *:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 *:sunrpc *:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 *:auth *:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 domain.de:domain *:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 localhost.locald:domain *:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 *:47832 *:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 localhost.localdoma:953 *:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 *:smtp *:* LISTEN
tcp6 0 0 *:imaps *:* LISTEN
tcp6 0 0 *:pop3 *:* LISTEN
tcp6 0 0 *:imap2 *:* LISTEN
tcp6 0 0 *:www *:* LISTEN
tcp6 0 0 *:domain *:* LISTEN
tcp6 0 0 *:ftp *:* LISTEN
tcp6 0 0 ip6-localhost:953 *:* LISTEN
tcp6 0 0 *:https *:* LISTEN
udp 0 0 *:58911 *:*
udp 0 0 *:946 *:*
udp 0 0 domain.de:domain *:*
udp 0 0 localhost.locald:domain *:*
udp 0 0 *:57570 *:*
udp 0 0 *:sunrpc *:*
udp6 0 0 *:58912 *:*
udp6 0 0 *:domain *:*
Festplatte/Partitionen anzeigen
~ # df -h
Dateisystem Größe Benut Verf Ben% Eingehängt auf
/dev/hda1 35G 7,4G 26G 23% /
tmpfs 507M 0 507M 0% /lib/init/rw
udev 10M 48K 10M 1% /dev
tmpfs 507M 4,0K 507M 1% /dev/shm
~ # cat /proc/partitions
major minor #blocks name
3 0 78150744 hda
3 1 37110118 hda1
3 2 3036285 hda2
Motherboard Sensoren
~ # apt-get install mbmon
~ # mbmon -A
Temp.= 32.0, 25.0, 35.0; Rot.= 2986, 0, 0
Vcore = 1.62, 1.60; Volt. = 3.31, 5.16, 11.25, -10.29, -4.44
weitere System Sensoren
~ # apt-get install lm-sensors
~ # sensors-detect
...
laptops, for example.
Driver `to-be-written' (should be inserted):
Detects correctly:
* ISA bus address 0x0290 (Busdriver `i2c-isa')
Chip `ITE IT8702F Super IO Sensors' (confidence: 9)
I will now generate the commands needed to load the required modules.
Just press ENTER to continue:
To make the sensors modules behave correctly, add these lines to
/etc/modules:
#----cut here----
# I2C adapter drivers
i2c-i801
# Chip drivers
eeprom
# no driver for ITE IT8702F Super IO Sensors yet
#----cut here----
Do you want to add these lines to /etc/modules automatically? (yes/NO)
~ # sensors
w83627ehf-isa-0290
Adapter: ISA adapter
VCore: +1.26 V (min = +0.00 V, max = +1.74 V)
in1: +12.30 V (min = +3.01 V, max = +7.97 V) ALARM
AVCC: +3.33 V (min = +1.94 V, max = +3.98 V)
3VCC: +3.33 V (min = +3.31 V, max = +0.72 V) ALARM
in4: +1.68 V (min = +0.19 V, max = +0.48 V) ALARM
in5: +1.62 V (min = +2.02 V, max = +1.26 V) ALARM
in6: +5.22 V (min = +5.89 V, max = +2.64 V) ALARM
VSB: +3.34 V (min = +0.16 V, max = +3.20 V) ALARM
VBAT: +3.23 V (min = +3.76 V, max = +0.78 V) ALARM
in9: +1.62 V (min = +0.99 V, max = +0.33 V) ALARM
Case Fan: 0 RPM (min = 47 RPM, div = 128) ALARM
CPU Fan: 2109 RPM (min = 2636 RPM, div = 4) ALARM
Aux Fan: 0 RPM (min = 3629 RPM, div = 4) ALARM
fan4: 0 RPM (min = 7417 RPM, div = 2) ALARM
Sys Temp: +33°C (high = +73°C, hyst = +32°C)
CPU Temp: +25.0°C (high = +80.0°C, hyst = +75.0°C)
AUX Temp: +43.5°C (high = +80.0°C, hyst = +75.0°C)
Herausfinden, in welchem Pfad sich ein Programm befindet
~ # which ping
/bin/ping
Website von der Console aufrufen (lynx)
lynx ermöglicht es, dass man Webseiten von der Console aufrufen kann. Für Notfälle sehr hilfreich.
Links:
http://o-o-s.de/?p=345
http://o-o-s.de/?p=300
http://o-o-s.de/?p=312
